Continuous research monitoring improves the quality of research conduct and compliance among research trainees: internal evaluation of a monitoring programme
Mirriam Akello,Sarah Coutinho,Mary Gorrethy N-Mboowa,Victoria D Bukirwa,Agnes Natukunda,Lawrence Lubyayi,Grace Nabakooza,Stephen Cose,Alison M. Elliott
Research site monitoring (RSM) is a systematic process that involves the close supervision of an investigator to ensure that all research activities are implemented according to the approved study protocols and good clinical practice (GCP).. All studies that involve humans subjects must be reviewed ethically and scientifically b....
Community engagement in Genomics research; Challenges and lessons learnt in the AWI-Gen study at Dikgale Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) Site, South Africa
Felistas Mashinya,Marianne Alberts,Reneilwe G. Mashaba,Paulina O. Tindana
The views expressed in this article are those of the author(s). Publication in AAS Open Research does not imply endorsement by the AAS.
Community-networks that facilitate engagement in health research: Ifakara Health Research Institute-Bagamoyo case study
Leah Bategereza,Ally Olotu,Dorcas Kamuya
Involvement of communities in the field of health research has been at the forefront of what is considered as ethical conduct of research. A commonly used approach is regular meetings with locally recognized community leaders to consult about research activities, i.e. community engagement. At the Ifakara Health Research Institu....
Community engagement and feedback of results in the H3Africa AWI-Gen project: Experiences from the Navrongo Demographic and Health Surveillance site in Northern Ghana
Godfred Agongo,Cornelius Debpuur,Lucas Amenga-Etego,Engelbert A. Nonterah,Michael B. Kaburise,Abraham Oduro,Michele Ramsay,Paulina Tindana
The views expressed in this article are those of the author(s). Publication in AAS Open Research does not imply endorsement by the AAS.
The state of cancer in Meru, Kenya: a retrospective study
Francis Kobia,Jesse Gitaka,Francis Makokha,Moses Kamita,Joshua Kibera,Cynthia Mwenda,Gladys Mucee,Bactrin Kilingo
Accounting for over 70% of all global deaths annually, non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cancer, are the world’s leading cause of mortality. Comprehensive data on cancer incidence and mortality is sparse in most African countries. Cancer incidence data provided by the World Health Organization’s (WHO) International Age....
GLAUCOMA SERIES 1
Oco Mukuye Steven and Dr Osama Giasin,
The principal ocular structures concerned with glaucoma are ciliary body, angle of anterior chamber and the aqueous outflow system.
RETINOBLASTOMA
Dr Abubaker Kakinaki
Eye Health Africa https://eyehealthafrica.org/ Retinoblastoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy of childhood and accounts for about 3% of all childhood cancers. Its of embryonal origin. Occurring up to 1:18000 live births.
Use of a mutation-specific genotyping method to assess for HIV-1 drug resistance in antiretroviral-naïve HIV-1 Subtype C-infected patients in Botswana
Dorcas Maruapula,Iain J. MacLeod,Sikhulile Moyo,Rosemary Musonda,Kaelo Seatla,Kesaobaka Molebatsi,Melvin Leteane,Max Essex,Simani Gaseitsiwe,Christopher F. Rowley
HIV remains a major global health problem; currently, 37.9 million adults and children are estimated to be living with HIV with sub-Saharan Africa being the most severely affected region. Although first generation NNRTIs, Nevirapine(NVP) and Efavirenz(EFV) have been replaced by DTG as part of the first line cART regimen, presen....
Microbiological assessment of sachet water “pure water” from five regions in Ghana
Lydia Mosi,Samuel Mawuli Adadey,Sandra Akoley Sowah,Charles Yeboah
Ghana Water Company Limited (GWCL). Most Probable Number (MPN). Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP)
Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modelling of infant exposure to efavirenz through breastfeeding
Adeniyi Olagunju,Rajith K. R. Rajoli,Shakir A. Atoyebi,Saye Khoo,Andrew Owen,Marco Siccardi
The re-enactment of The. However, paediatric drug exposure is not limited to those administered for specific paediatric indications. More than 90% of nursing mothers take at least one drug in the early postnatal period, 17% up to 4 months after delivery, and 5% receive drugs for chronic conditions.. Physiologically based pharmac....
Identification of human African Trypanosomiasis foci using school-going children in post-conflict era in Nwoya District, Northern Uganda: A cross-sectional study
Kenneth Luryama Moi,James Henry Obol,Denis Anywar Arony
Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) commonly known as sleeping sickness is still active in over 30 sub-Saharan African countries. Uganda is the only country that harbours both species. In Northern Uganda, HAT was the main cause of relocations, a policy of compulsory evacuation of the natives from the affected areas. Over two dec....
Influence of different types of whitening tooth pastes on the tooth color, enamel surface roughness and enamel morphology of human teeth
Mohamed Shamel,Mahmoud M. Al-Ankily,Mahmoud M. Bakr
Patients are generally dissatisfied with their present teeth color, as demonstrated by many studies in different regions of the world. Attempts to improve the shade of teeth is presently possible using multiple methods, including professional scaling and prophylaxis performed in the dental clinic, fabrication of tooth crowns and....
Clinical outcomes of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate partial coverage crowns compared to lithium disilicate partial coverage crowns. A randomized controlled split-mouth clinical study
Hanaa Nassar,Carl H Halim,Hesham A Katamish
High survival rates, fracture resistance and proper marginal integrity of CAD/CAM partial coverage restorations (PCRs) were reported in studies simulating 5-year clinical service. However, clinical behavior of PCRs utilizing morphology driven preparation design was never assessed in randomized clinical trials. Furthermore, long-....
Accuracy of linear measurements using low dose cone beam computed tomography protocol versus direct skull linear measurements: An in vitro study
Nora Aly Al Abbady,Reham Mohamed Hamdy,Sahar Hosny El Dessouky
Two-dimensional (2D) imaging techniques have been used in dentistry since 1896. Despite its long clinical success, 2D imaging possesses a number of problems, including superimposition and magnification, which may result in interpretation problems of the images, whether it actually represents the anatomical structures and/or path....
Fibroblast growth factor-6 enhances CDK2 and MATK expression in microvesicles derived from human stem cells extracted from exfoliated deciduous teeth
Ahmed Othman,Rabab Mubarak,Dina Sabry
Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) are a type of adult stem cell acquired from the dental pulp of human exfoliated deciduous teeth. SHEDs stand out from other types of adult stem cells since they possess a remarkable growth and proliferation rate, providing an adequate stem cell source for any prospective c....
Association between umbilical cord hygiene and neonatal sepsis among neonates presenting to a primary care facility in Nairobi County, Kenya: a case-control study
Phoebe K. Moraa,Marshal M. Mweu,Peter K. Njoroge
Worldwide, neonatal mortality (death occurring within the first 28 days of life) accounted for 45.1% of all child deaths in 2015, representing a 15% increase over a span of 15 years. Owing to the non-specificity of neonatal sepsis’ presentation in neonates, there has been a general lack of consensus on the definition of neonatal....
Review of the nutritional composition, medicinal, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Citrus reticulata Blanco (Rutaceae)
Collen Musara,Elizabeth Bosede Aladejana,Silas Mufambi Mudyiwa
Blanco is a large species belonging to the family Rutaceae, with various varieties and hybrids. Mandarins, like other citrus species, are indigenous to the subtropical and tropical zones of Asia, particularly China and Cochin-China. Mandarins, including both monoembryonic and polyembryonic cultivars and many interspecific hybrid....
Safe Surgery Using the WHO Checklist
Team of specialists
Medical Aid Films A film showing how to use the WHO safe surgery checklist during an operation
How to give intravenous antibiotics in pregnancy
Team of specialists
Medical Aid Films This film shows how to give antibiotics correctly during pregnancy. It explains the “6 rights” of drug administration – the right drug, the right patient, the right dose, the right time, the right route, and the right paperwork. The film is for use in health worker training.
How to care for a newborn baby: the first hours after a baby is born
Team of specialists
Medical Aid Films This film shows the key steps to follow immediately after a baby is born, including drying the baby, breastfeeding and the correct way to cut the cord to prevent infections. It also explains what to look out for during the first few days. This film is for use in community health education.
HIV Paediatric Case Study Training Films • 04. Wongani
Team of specialists
Medical Aid Films Wongani is a 22-month-old boy who is brought into hospital very sick, a month after starting treatment (ART). His history shows a series of missed opportunities as well as his struggle to recover. This is one of a set of HIV paediatric films made by parter organisation Picturing Health. These interactive t....
Asthma Management SABA “ The same old story, what’s new”
Dr. Andrew Owuor, Chest Physician
Athma is a heterogeneous disease, usually characterized by chronic airway inflamation.
Leadership: managing resources
Team of specialists
The Royal College of Midwives The NHS is under constant challenge to manage resources and to work within a fixed and, what feels like, an ever decreasing budget. The need to understand and analyse new evidence to bring about change, to present arguments for change and produce a business case to support new ways of working is a....
Leadership: promoting learning
Team of specialists
The Royal College of Midwives Leadership in maternity is an essential aspect of everyone's role and is a key element of improving care and keeping women and babies safe. Women expect care from a practitioner who is knowledgeable and informed. This means that reviewing and updating knowledge and skills is a constant aspect of....
Leadership: promoting the profession
Team of specialists
The Royal College of Midwives The word “profession” means different things to different people. However, at its core, it is meant to be an indicator of trust and expertise. Recognising and championing the needs of women and families and supporting maternity staff highlights the value of the profession. All of the maternity staf....