The effect of morning versus evening administration of empagliflozin on its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics characteristics in healthy adults: a two-way crossover, non-randomised trial
Rana M. ElDash,Mohamed A. Raslan,Sara M. Shaheen,Nagwa Ali Sabri
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the leading causes of death in the world. It has become one of the most critically medical and socially impacted diseases of the 21. Chronopharmacology is the field of study concerned with the circadian rhythm of drugs regarding its pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics and pharmacological action; it....
Analysis of the health product pipeline for poverty-related and neglected diseases using the Portfolio-to-Impact (P2I) modeling tool
Shashika Bandara,Nick Chapman,Vipul Chowdhary,Anna Doubell,Amelia Hynen,George Rugarabamu,Alexander Gunn,Gavin Yamey
A growing body of evidence has shown that the ambitious global health goals established by the international health community, including the health-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), are unlikely to be achieved with today’s health technologies alone. For example, the 2013 report of the. There are several signs suggest....
Adherence to Artemisinin Combination Therapy for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
M. Ruby Siddiqui,Andrew Willis,Karla Bil,Jatinder Singh,Eric Mukomena Sompwe,Cono Ariti
Despite a wealth of natural resources, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has one of the lowest per capita incomes in the world. Médecins Sans Frontières-Operational Centre Amsterdam (MSF-OCA) has been working in the provinces of North Kivu and South Kivu since the early 1990s and in Katanga since 2003. MSF-OCA operates....
Molecular docking analysis of selected phytochemicals on two SARS-CoV-2 targets
Amaka Ubani,Francis Agwom,Oluwatoyin Ruth Morenikeji,Nathan Yakubu Shehu,Emmanuel Arinze Umera,Uzal Umar,Simeon Omale,John Chinyere Aguiyi,Nnaemeka Emmanuel Nnadi,Pam Dachung Luka
Since 2003, three coronaviruses have been associated with pneumonia, the first was severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-1). The entry into the host cell by the coronaviruses is usually mediated by the spike (S) glycoprotein. Possibly, potent inhibitors of these two targets will be able to interfere with the S....
Stability, orientation and position preference of the stem region (residues 689-703) in Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) envelope glycoprotein E2: a molecular dynamics study
Rahmad Akbar,Siti Azma Jusoh
Envelope glycoproteins E1 and E2 are essential for the initial binding and internalization of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) into host cells. Both glycoproteins have been shown to interact as a non-covalent heterodimer during biosynthesis. In our previous studies, we demonstrated that the unfolding behavior of the E2 TM helix monomer w....
Apoptosis induction on human breast cancer T47D cell line by extracts of Ancorina sp.
Woro Anindito Sri Tunjung,Puspa Restu Sayekti
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women after cervical cancer. In 2016 breast cancer cases have occurred in 40 per 100,000 women in Indonesia. There are many cancer treatment methods such as anti-angiogenesis therapy. Previous studies found many natural apoptosis-inducing compounds isolated from marine sponge....
In silico analysis of natural compounds targeting structural and nonstructural proteins of chikungunya virus
Jaspreet Jain,Anchala Kumari,Pallavi Somvanshi,Abhinav Grover,Somnath Pai,Sujatha Sunil
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus belonging to the Togaviridae family. Studies on antivirals for chikungunya generally target the replication machinery (nsP2 and nsP3 proteins). Alphavirus CP is a multifunctional protein known to act as serine protease for self-cleavage and viral genomic RNA binding. It is also known to....
Healing capacity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells versus platelet-rich fibrin in tibial bone defects of albino rats: an in vivo study
Dina Rady,Rabab Mubarak,Rehab A. Abdel Moneim
Several biomaterials are used to treat bone deficienciesn
The occurrence of periodontal diseases and its correlation with different risk factors among a convenient sample of adult Egyptian population: a cross-sectional study
Marwa M.S. Abbass,Dina Rady,Israa Ahmed Radwan,Sara El Moshy,Nermeen AbuBakr,Mohamed Ramadan,Nermin Yussif,Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh
Periodontitis is defined as a chronic, progressive inflammatory disease affecting the periodontium surrounding the tooth. It eventually results in deterioration of the tooth-supporting apparatus and may result in tooth loss if untreated. Periodontal diseases, as well as dental caries, are considered the most widespread oral dise....
Alcoholic bitters modulates sex hormones and some biochemical parameters of testicular function in male Wistar rats
Omowumi T. Kayode,Abolanle A.A. Kayode,Charles O. Nwonuma
Infertility describes prolonged difficulty at achieving success with conception between a male and female having unhindered access to sexual activity. A male’s inability to fertilize the female’s ovum for upwards of twelve months of unrestricted intercourse categorizes him as infertile. This challenge is represented globally acr....
Anaemia in solitary acyanotic ventricular septal defect in comorbid with pneumonia or pulmonary hypertension: A retrospective study of 75 paediatric cases
Geoffrey Joseph Changwe,Haizhou Zhang,Hongxin Li,Zeeshan Farhaj,Marlvin Anemey Tewara,Wenlong Zhang,Chengwei Zou
Anaemia is a common complication of a myriad medical conditions often met in general ward. Its etiology is complex and multifactorial, encompassing intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Nevertheless, the effect(s) of small to moderate VSD’s on the occurrence of both PNA and PH amongst paediatric patients, especially infants has not b....
Platelet distribution width, mean platelet volume and haematological parameters in patients with uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax malaria
Elrazi A. Ali,Tajeldin M. Abdalla,Ishag Adam
In spite of the preventative measures, malaria remains a major public health concern. Malaria is responsible for 781,000 deaths in a year, the majority of which are in Sub -Saharan Africa. Previously, measurement of haematological blood parameters was unreliable due to intra and inter-method variation. Nowadays, automated analys....
Haematology of N’Dama and West African Shorthorn cattle herds under natural Trypanosoma vivax challenge in Ghana
Ebenezer Yaw Ganyo,Johnson N Boampong,Daniel K Masiga,Jandouwe Villinger,Paa Kobina Turkson
Animal trypanosomosis, caused by trypanosomes mainly transmitted by tsetse flies results in annual economic losses in Africa in the range of US$ 1.0 - 1.2 billion in cattle production alone, and more than US$ 4.75 billion in terms of agricultural Gross Domestic Product (. The usual consequence of trypanosome infection is anaemia....
Biomimetic remineralization of acid etched enamel using agarose hydrogel model
Sara El Moshy,Marwa M.S. Abbass,Amal M. El-Motayam
Biomimetic remineralization is a non-invasive therapeutic approach that has received great attention in the last decades. It aims to restore the dental tissues to its normal biological function and estheticsn
Boosting diabetes and pre-diabetes detection in rural Ghana
Bernard Effah Nyarko,Rosemary Serwah Amoah,Alessandro Crimi
International Diabetes Federation. World Health Organization. Community-based health planning and services. body mass index. confirmed diabetic participants. unknown diabetic status participant. non communicable disease
Assessment of magnesium sulphate usage in pre-eclamptic and eclamptic women in Omdurman Maternity Hospital, 2017: A cross-sectional study
Bashir Alsiddig Yousef,Alaa Abdulmoniem Merghani,Walaa Salah Abdulla,Rasha Rifaat Binni
Preeclampsia/eclampsia is a pregnancy-specific disease with multisystem physiological disorder, which may lead to increased risk of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. Magnesium sulphate (MgSO. In Sudan, preeclampsia/eclampsia is considered as one of the main factors leading to an increase in morbidity and mortality....
Prevalence of neurogenic pulmonary edema among patients who died from head injury – a retrospective chart review
Erasmus E. Okello,Janat Tumukunde,Patience Atumanya,Sam Kalungi,Alex Muhindo,Arthur Kwizera
Neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) is an age-old clinical syndrome characterized by the acute onset of pulmonary edema following a significant central nervous system (CNS) insult. The exact mechanism is unknown as it is believed to be multi-pronged and data is sparse. The connection between CNS injury and hemodynamic dysfunction w....
Cost analysis of implementing HIV drug resistance testing in Kenya: a case study of a service delivery site at a tertiary level hospital in Kenya
Rachael W. Gachogo,Daniel N. Mwai,Frank G. Onyambu
Unprecedented increased access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is one of the greatest milestones in the fight against the HIV epidemic, resulting in reduced mortality from AIDs-related causes and a global decline in HIV incidence (. ART is delivered through the public health approach in most low- and middle-income countries, whe....
Candida antifungal drug resistance in sub-Saharan African populations: A systematic review
Charlene Wilma Joyce Africa,Pedro Miguel dos Santos Abrantes
species are known to shift from commensal to opportunistic infectious agents when triggered by factors such as immunosuppression, continuous usage of antibiotics and poor nutrition, leading to increased patient morbidity and mortality. Various antifungal drugs with different modes of action have been developed over the years. Th....
Trends and determinants of contraceptive method choice among women aged 15-24 years in Kenya
Wambui Kungu,Alfred Agwanda,Anne Khasakhala
Kenya has invested considerable resources towards improving adolescent sexual reproductive health (ASRH) and has in place the 2015 National Adolescent Sexual Reproductive Health (NASRH) Policy; however, the rates of teenage pregnancies do not reflect these heavy investments and are a matter of public health and social concern. T....
Staffing in public health facilities after the Ebola outbreak in rural Sierra Leone: How much has changed?
James Sylvester Squire,Katrina Hann,Olga Denisiuk,Rony Zachariah
The Ministry of Health and Sanitation of Sierra Leone has stipulated minimum staffing levels for all public health facility levels based on the Basic Package of Essential Health Services (BPEHS). The post-Ebola period presented an opportunity for the Government of Sierra Leone to devise a health services investment plan. This in....
Statin (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor)-based therapy for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection-related diseases in the era of direct-acting antiviral agents
Sara Sobhy Kishta,Sobhy Ahmed Kishta,Reem El-Shenawy
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is an important public health problem worldwide, as many HCV-infected patients develop liver cirrhosis and/or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recent improvements in the treatment of HCV infection have focused on the use of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs). Statins (inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3....
Immunohistochemical expression of p53 in Type I and II epithelial ovarian cancer among Sudanese women: a cross-sectional study
Aisha Osman Mohamed,Nazik Elmalaika Husain,Rawia Eljaili Elmassry,Lubna Alnageeb,Mohammed Elhassan,Mohammed Siddig Abdelaziz
Ovarian cancer is a fatal disease, the mortality rate ranks the highest of all gynecological malignancies. Based on clinicopathological and molecular studies, epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is classified as type I or type II. Type I tumors are genetically quite stable, typically present at a low stage, and reveal distinct, morp....
Prevalence of intestinal parasites among food handlers attending public health laboratories in Khartoum State, Sudan
Tarig A. Gamar,Hassan H. Musa,Hisham N. Altayb,Mogeeb Kabbashi,Yassen Alsayed,Adam D. Abakar
In developing countries, intestinal parasitic infections remain a significant cause of mortality and morbidity. Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) and other helminth parasites like. Polluted soil and water sources, and poor personal hygiene are the major factors in the transmission of parasitic infections to humans through the feca....
Seasonality of birth defects in West Africa: could congenital Zika syndrome be to blame?
Maimuna S. Majumder,Rosanna Hess,Ratchneewan Ross,Helen Piontkivska
Since 2015, when an initial link between Zika Virus (ZIKV) and microcephaly was discovered in Braziln