Invariant death
Steven A. Frank
The coil of a snail’s shell expresses the duality of constraint and process. The logarithmic spiral of growth constrains overall form. Particular snails modulate the process of shell deposition, varying the parameters of the logarithmic spiral. To interpret the variety of snail shells, one must recognize the interplay between br....
The relationships between pancreatic T2* values and pancreatic iron loading with cardiac dysfunctions, hepatic and cardiac iron siderosis among Egyptian children and young adults with β-thalassaemia major and sickle cell disease: a cross-sectional study
Khaled Salama,Amina Abdelsalam,Hadeel Seif Eldin,Eman Youness,Yasmeen Selim,Christine Salama,Gehad Hassanein,Mohamed Samir,Hanan Zekri
The hallmark of chronic hemolytic anemias (CHAs) is premature destruction of erythrocytes. Consequently, it is important to detect silent cardiac dysfunction early before the development of symptomatic heart diseasen
Evaluation of controlled type II diabetics ascending and descending a ramp surface at an imposed speed: A case-control study
Martin G. Rosario,Elizabeth Orozco,Nairoby Babilonia,Greisy Tellez,Francheska Mojica,Maryvi Gonzalez-Sola,Flavia Bayron
Significant gait and balance deficits have been found in persons with type two diabetes mellitus (DMII) compared to individuals without DMII (. As a result of having gait and balance deficits, Dingwell. However, recent evidence suggests that similar gait and balance deficits can be found in individuals with DMII without PN (. In....
Measuring the effectiveness of maternal delivery services: A cross-sectional and qualitative study of perinatal mortality in six primary referral hospitals, Kenya
Richard Ayah,Dismas Ongore,Alfred T.O. Agwanda
The hospital sector represents approximately 45–69% of government health expenditure in sub-Saharan Africa and the effective performance of the sub-sector is therefore critical to overall health system goal achievement. In Kenya, overall health status is measured by indicators including life expectancy, and under-five and matern....
Case Report: Coronary artery stent infection with mycotic aneurysm secondary to tricuspid valve infective endocarditis
Mejdi Ben Messaoud,Nidhal Bouchahda,Marouane Mahjoub,Badii Hmida,Zohra Dridi,Habib Gamra
Infectious complications following percutaneous cardiac interventions are known but not very common. Coronary stent implantation is associated with complications, though rare, such as stent infection or coronary aneurysms resulting from several mechanisms, and needing special investigations for their diagnosis and management. We....
Overuse of prophylactic antibiotics for elective caesarean delivery in Medani Hospital, Sudan
Tahani E. Abbas,Ishag Adam,Elhassan M. Elhassan,Imad Eldin M. Tag Eldin,Mirgani Abdel Rahman
Cesarean delivery (CD) is a procedure mainly performed to save the lives of mother and child to ensure a healthy outcome when normal vaginal delivery is not possible. It is the most common major surgical procedure performed worldwide (. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews has reported that antibiotic prophylaxis has redu....
Maternal age and intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcome in infertile couples at Khartoum, Sudan
Mohamed Ahmed,Osama Shareef,Ishag Adam,Duria Rayis
fertilization (IVF) is recognized as the last treatment option for infertile couples who want biological children, and has been widely accepted as the most important and efficient treatment for infertility (n
The relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and intestinal parasites in individuals from Khartoum state, Sudan: a case-control study
Yasir Yousif Abd Elbagi,Ahmed Bakheet Abd Alla,Mohammed Baha Eldin Saad
Among the most common diseases in the world are intestinal parasite infections; an estimated 3.5 billion people are affected, and 450 million people are infected (. Health impacts differ with age: the small intestinal protozoa. can be easily identified in all microbiology laboratories using simple techniques (n
Case Report: Root resorption caused after pulp death of adjacent primary molar
Maha M. Azab,Dalia M. Moheb,Osama I. El Shahawy
Root resorption is the physiologic or pathologic loss of dentin and/or cementum and/or bone. Primary teeth can go through either type, but other than resorption during the shedding process resorption is considered pathologic. Inflammatory root resorption is not a rare finding in the pediatric community, with spread of infection....
Knowledge of infection prevention and control practices among health care workers caring for patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19: a cross-sectional study
Eman H Elsebaie,Amany A Salem,Amal S Sedrak,Ahmed Ayad,Sahar A Ahmed,Bassante A El Razik,Noha M Abu bakr Elsaid
A pandemic of SARS-CoV2 was proclaimed on March 11, 2020.. Healthcare facilities associated infections is considered a serious public health problem.. According to the COVID-19 Situation Report by World Health Organization (WHO) 82, 52 countries had identified a total of 22,073 health care workers (HCWs) had caught COVID-19.. Ac....
Impact of ascorbic acid in reducing the incidence of vancomycin associated nephrotoxicity in critically ill patients: A preliminary randomized controlled trial
Nouran Hesham El-Sherazy,Naglaa Samir Bazan,Sara Mahmoud Shaheen,Nagwa A. Sabri
Vancomycin (a glycopeptide antibiotic) has been the first line of treatment for methicillin-resistant. Trough level between 15–20 mg/L was recommended in complicated infections caused by. The incidence of vancomycin associated nephrotoxicity (VAN) is high and may reach 10–20% upon administering the conventional dose of vancomyci....
Applying an ecological framework to examine the multiple levels of influence affecting the utilisation of private sector adult asthma services in Khartoum, Sudan: a mixed methods study
Rachael Thomson,Magde Noor,Asma Elsony
Asthma is the third most common cause of hospital visits in Sudan. Sudan has a pluralistic health care system, with a strong and varied private sector. While research examining public sector asthma services exists, very little is known about which asthma services are available in the private sector.. An explanatory sequential mi....
The impact of testing and treatment on the dynamics of Hepatitis B virus
Olajumoke Oludoun,Olukayode Adebimpe,James Ndako,Michael Adeniyi,Oluwakemi Abiodun,Babatunde Gbadamosi
Hepatitis is an inflammation/scarring of the liver that contributes to various health complications, including death. It occurs due to an immune system attack by the virus in the liver and damages this vital organ of the body in the process (. In highly endemic areas, the most common form of transmission of hepatitis B is from m....
Variations in sexual network connectivity may explain dramatic variations in sexually transmitted infection prevalence between populations and over time: a four-country analysis
Chris Kenyon
The reasons underpinning the dramatic variations in sexually transmitted infection (STI) incidence between different populations are incompletely understood. These insights provided the motivation for the current paper where we aimed to conduct a more systematic analysis of the association between network connectivity and STI pr....
Prevalence and factors associated with anemia among children under five years of age in Rombo district, Kilimanjaro region, Northern Tanzania
Innocent B. Mboya,Redempta Mamseri,Beatrice J. Leyaro,Johnston George,Sia E. Msuya,Melina Mgongo
Anemia in children under five years is a significant public health problem in low-, middle- and high-income countries. The world health organization (WHO) defines anemia as a low blood hemoglobin concentration of less than 11g/dl in children under five years of age. A variety of factors causes anemia, but the most common cause i....
Developing a Minimum Data Set for a congenital abnormalities surveillance programme in Rwanda – a modified e-Delphi consensus study
Annette Uwineza,Aline Muhorakeye,Janvier Hitayezu,Peter Thomas Cartledge
CARs, congenital abnormality registries; OMET, core outcome measures in effectiveness trials; COS, core outcome set; EUROCAT, European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies; HRH, human resources for health; ICD, International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems; IRB, institutional review board; LMIC....
It’s the network, stupid: a population’s sexual network connectivity determines its STI prevalence
Chris R. Kenyon,Wim Delva
There is little consensus as to why the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis (BV), HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) varies so dramatically around the world. A range of explanations have been put forward, including variation in circumcision prevalencen
Multiple microbiologic tests for tuberculosis improve diagnostic yield of bronchoscopy in medically complex patients
Dilshaad Fakey Khan,Moosa Suleman,Prinita Baijnath,Rubeshan Perumal,Vedanthi Moodley,Zoey Mhlane,Taryn Naidoo,Thumbi Ndung'u,Emily B. Wong
Globally, tuberculosis (TB) is the ninth leading cause of mortality with an estimated 1.6 million deaths reported in 2016. In 2011, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA, USA), a TB polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based test as the initial investigation of choice in p....
Transgenerational effects of the genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda: A post-traumatic stress disorder symptom domain analysis
Susan Rudahindwa,Leon Mutesa,Eugene Rutembesa,Jean Mutabaruka,Annie Qu,Derek E. Wildman,Stefan Jansen,Monica Uddin
The 1994 genocide perpetrated against Tutsi in Rwanda is one of the most horrific events in recent history responsible for roughly one million deaths during a short 3-month period. The genocide was a result of tension between the two artificially divided ethnic groups of Rwanda: Hutu and Tutsi. Hutu extremists, alongside coerced....
Effect of tuberculosis training on community health workers’ knowledge: a cluster randomized control trial in South Nigeria
Christie Akwaowo,Idongesit Umoh,Oluseyi Motilewa,Victor Umoh,Eno Usoroh,Stella Adeboye,Uduak Idiong,Etop Antia
One of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) as contained in the SDG target 3.3 is to end the tuberculosis epidemic by the year 2030. This End TB Strategy defines as a targets for 2030, a 90% reduction in the number of TB deaths and an 80% reduction in the TB incidence rate (new cases per 100 000 population per....
Case Report: Literature review of a Complicated Postpartum Pubic Symphysitis case
Dhekra Toumi,Korbi Asma,Marwa Badr,Farouk Ennaceur,Boujemaa Touati,Ahmed Hajji,Raja Faleh
Septic arthritis of the pubic symphysis is a rare infection, often occurring in particular patients including: athletes with chronic pubic inflammation, women in the postpartum period, drug addicts, patients following a surgical treatment for urinary incontinence or patients with pelvic cancer.. To date, it is an often unknown i....
Use of social media in a national Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Survey: lessons from the first anti-tuberculosis drug resistance survey in Ghana
Augustina Angelina Sylverken,Ellis Owusu-Dabo,Alexander Kwarteng,Sampson Twumasi-Ankrah,Michael Owusu,Louis Adu-Amoah,Rexford Mawunyo Dumevi,Rejoice Agyeiwaa Arthur,Nicholas Addofoh,Francisca Dzata,Frank Bonsu
TB Tuberculosis. KCCR Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine. GPRTU Ghana Private Road Transport Union. MTB. DRS Drug Resistance Survey. WHO World Health Organization. NTP National Tuberculosis Control Programme. NRC National Reference Center. KN....
Case Report: Facial mixed fungal infection in a poorly responding non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma patient with suspected immunodeficiency
Ali Mostafa,Mervat Gaber,Hany Abdelrahman,Noha ElAnwar,Ahmed Galal
Immunocompromised patients, those with hematological malignancies, solid organ or bone marrow transplantation, are highly vulnerable to invasive fungal infection, even with administration of systemic antifungal prophylaxisn
A qualitative and quantitative performance evaluation of Swaziland’s Rural Health Motivator program
Pascal Geldsetzer,Maria Vaikath,Jan-Walter De Neve,Till Bärnighausen,Thomas J. Bossert
Many low-and middle-income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, face a severe shortage of skilled healthcare workers. HIV is causing the highest burden of any disease in Swazilandn
Health technology assessment capacity at national level in sub-Saharan Africa: an initial survey of stakeholders
Samantha A. Hollingworth,Francis Ruiz,Mohamed Gad,Kalipso Chalkidou
Many countries have committed to universal health coverage (UHC) in the context of the sustainable development goals. Health technology assessment (HTA) provides a structured approach to synthesising evidence of clinical and cost effectiveness to inform priority-setting activities. Institutionalised HTA systems involve active pa....