Research priorities in maternal and neonatal health in Africa: results using the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative method involving over 900 experts across the continent
Moses Alobo,Charles Mgone,Joy Lawn,Colette Adhiambo,Kerri Wazny,Chinyere Ezeaka,Elizabeth Molyneux,Marleen Temmerman,Pius Okong,Address Malata,Thomas Kariuki
The deceleration in average annual rates of reduction of maternal mortality. This scenario calls for urgent actions to address MNH challenges, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In a 2019 report. Considering this, a MNH research priority setting exercise was developed, including more than 900 experts, betwee....
SNPs in IL4 and IFNG show no protective associations with human African trypanosomiasis in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a case-control study
Olivier Fataki Asina,Harry Noyes,Bruno Bucheton,Hamidou Ilboudo,Annette MacLeod,Dieudonné Mumba Ngoyi
Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), or sleeping sickness, is a neglected tropical disease caused by infection with extracellular blood protozoan parasites, which are transmitted by the bite of the tsetse fly (. The disease is present in more than 250 foci in Africa and nearly 70 million people are at risk of infection with the....
Tackling human and animal health threats through innovative vaccinology in Africa
George M. Warimwe,Jyothi Purushotham,Brian D. Perry,Adrian V.S. Hill,Sarah C. Gilbert,Baptiste Dungu,Bryan Charleston
Vaccines are among the most cost-effective health interventions ever deployed. With the global eradication of two major infectious diseases and substantial reductions in the burden of several others attributed to their use. However, the development of a sustainable African vaccine R&D sector requires substantial long-term invest....
Wood-decaying fungi found in Southern Ghana: A potential source of new anti-infective compounds
Samuel Yaw Aboagye,Vincent Amarh,Paul A. Lartey,Patrick Kobina Arthur
Several plants and fungi have served as sources of many drugs that are used in clinics. A proportion of microbial pathogens that afflict mammals may possibly infect fungal species, since they are both eukaryotes with related cellular metabolism. Unlike mammals, fungi have a higher tendency to produce relevant chemical compounds....
Ethical and practical issues to consider in the governance of genomic and human research data and data sharing in South Africa: a meeting report
Ciara Staunton,Rachel Adams,Edward S. Dove,Natalie Harriman,Lyn Horn,Melodie Labuschaigne,Nicola Mulder,Antonel Olckers,Anne Pope,Michèle Ramsay,Carmen Swanepoel,Nora Ni Loideain,Jantina De Vries
The views expressed in this article are those of the author(s). Publication in AAS Open Research does not imply endorsement by the AAS.
Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA in CD34 + peripheral blood mononuclear cells of Ugandan adults with latent infection: a cross-sectional and nested prospective study
Jonathan Mayito,Irene Andia Biraro,Stephen T. Reece,Adrian R. Martineau,David P. Kateete
BCG, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin; CD, Cluster Of Differentiation; CFP-10, Culture Filtrate Protein-Ten; ELISPOT, Enzyme Linked Immunospot; ESAT-6, Early Secretory Antigenic Target-Six; HIV, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; IGRAS, Interferon Gamma Release Assays; IPT, Isoniazid Preventive Therapy; LTBI, Latent Tuberculosis Infection; L....
Current and emerging diagnostic tests available for the novel COVID-19 global pandemic
Gerald Mboowa
Infectious diseases are still a major threat in the world today. In the current case of the coronavirus global pandemic 2019, healthcare systems have the challenge of massive testing, isolating (quarantine) those suspected of being exposed to the virus, re-testing (at the end of the viral incubation period), treating and managin....
Model framework for governance of genomic research and biobanking in Africa – a content description
Aminu Yakubu,Paulina Tindana,Alice Matimba,Katherine Littler,Nchangwi Syntia Munung,Ebony Madden,Ciara Staunton,Jantina De Vries
The complete mapping of the human genome. In addition to these ethical concerns, regulatory frameworks for health research in Africa are either non-existent, or where they exist, do not respond to the specific concerns raised by genomics research and biobanking. The aim of this framework is to guide governance, address sample an....
COVID-19: Are Africa’s diagnostic challenges blunting response effectiveness?
Francis Kobia,Jesse Gitaka
In December 2019, a spate of pneumonia cases of unknown cause was observed in Wuhan, Hubei province, China (n
Seroprevalence, risk factors and impact of Toxoplasma gondii infection on haematological parameters in the Ashanti region of Ghana: a cross-sectional study
Samuel Kekeli Agordzo,Kingsley Badu,Mathew Glover Addo,Christian Kwasi Owusu,Abdul-Hakim Mutala,Austine Tweneboah,Dawood Ackom Abbas,Nana Kwame Ayisi-Boateng
— the causative organism for toxoplasmosis — is an obligate, intracellular, apicomplexan parasite with a wide geographic distribution and the ability to infect virtually any cell type across a broad host range, including humans, companion animals, livestock and wildlife. People are typically infected by either accidentally inges....
Research into occupational noise induced hearing loss in South African large-scale mines: Access denied?
Nomfundo F. Moroe,Katijah Khoza-Shangase
The mining industry in South Africa remains one of the driving forces behind the development of the country’s economy. Currently, mining in South Africa is reported as a significant contributor to the economy in that firstly, it contributes an average of 20% to South Africa’s GDP. Secondly, it boasts a total annual income of nea....
Protective and curative effects of Beta vulgaris on pesticide dimethyl 2,2-dichlorovinyl phosphate-exposed albino rats
Eucharia O. Nwaichi,Eka B. Essien,Uzoamaka Chinonso Ibe
Organophosphates are a group of pesticides and are massively utilized globally due to their numerous benefits in the health and agricultural sectors. According to. Pesticide poisoning is commonly caused by the action of pesticides on mostly the internal organs of the body. Some pesticides that are referred to as external irritan....
Self-management and its associated factors among people living with diabetes in Blantyre, Malawi: a cross-sectional study
Chimwemwe Kwanjo Banda,Belinda T. Gombachika,Moffat J. Nyirenda,Adamson Sinjani Muula
Diabetes mellitus significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality from non-communicable diseases in Malawi. Although the study by Cohen. The conceptual framework guiding the study was adapted from social cognitive theory (SCT) by Albert Banduran
Unexplained Physical Symptoms
Elena Garralda
This session will describe common physical symptoms and their associations with psychological problems. General management principles will be provided for use by both non-medical and medical practitioners.
Acute Presentations of Tuberculosis (TB)
Will Ricketts
0.5 Hours
This session discusses how tuberculosis might present acutely to the Emergency Department or on the Acute Medical Take (e.g. pulmonary, spinal, meningitis). It also examines the complications of anti-tuberculous chemotherapy that may present acutely (e.g. hepatotoxicity and skin reactions) and their management.
Paediatric - Epilepsy
Kirsten Johnson and Colin Dunkley
This more advanced session will give you an understanding of childhood epilepsies and epilepsy care, so you will have the knowledge and confidence to make a positive difference to a child living with the condition and understand your role in the child’s ongoing care.
Shoulder Pain
Ade Adebajo and Caroline Mitchell
This session describes shoulder problems commonly encountered in general practice, their diagnosis and management. It also describes how to assess the shoulder joint and how to identify the origin and cause of the shoulder symptoms. This session was reviewed by Khyati Bakhai and updated in May 2023.
Epidemiology and the Impact of Pain
Sue Jenkins
This session explains the prevalence and impact of acute and chronic pain on both individuals and society as a whole. Important note - any drug doses mentioned in this session are for illustrative purposes only. It is your responsibility to refer to appropriate guidelines when treating patients, such as the British National F....
Brugada Syndrome
Kim Rajappan
0.5 Hours
This session addresses the incidental ECG finding of a Brugada pattern. It includes the identification of ECG abnormalities, the implications of the finding and how to manage the patient.
Pharmacological Changes During Pregnancy
William Brampton
0.5 Hours
An introduction to pregnancy associated changes in pharmacology and the effects of drugs upon the uterus and fetus.
History of Plastic Surgery
Cyrus Talwar, Tom McKinnell, Sarah Pape
This session provides an overview of the developments that have helped to shape the speciality of plastic surgery.
Image Interpretation - Gynaecological Ultrasound: Postmenopausal Pelvis
Hazel Edwards
This session considers the sonographic appearance of the postmenopausal pelvis. It will include an overview of normal appearances and common pathology, and discuss common pitfalls to avoid. Tips on reporting will be offered.
Image Interpretation - Gynaecological Ultrasound: Introduction and Image Optimisation
Hazel Edwards
This session considers the role of ultrasound in investigating gynaecological conditions and discusses its value alongside other imaging modalities. Tips on equipment use, technique and reporting will be offered.
Assessment of Dental Age
Helen Rodd
This session describes the main approaches to dental age assessment for children. It also provides detailed guidance on how to carry out accurate age determination using a well accepted technique (Demirjian’s method of dental ageing).
Bleeding Problems in Early Pregnancy
Tatjana Nikisina and Christopher Guyer
This session will look at the common causes of bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy.